Test #3 - Appendectomy

Please name the layers of tissue that would be incised for a laparotomy (incision into the abdominal cavity) for an appendectomy: (if you click on the link, find & click "abdominal wall")

*Remember that the appendix is located in the right lower quadrant

My guess is that this would be the order: epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layer, external abdominal obliques, internal abdominal obliques, transversus abdominis, parietal peritoneum.

If this incision were made closer to the midline, what tissue layer changes would be included?
+ rectus abdominis
+ linea alba
- transversus abdominis
- external obliques

Am I close?

Test #2 - Laparotomy -vs- ORIF of radius

Explain why a surgeon would use a "subq" suture for an abdominal case but not for an ORIF of a fractured radius.

Here are my very random notes that actually don't seem chronological or complete:

*ORIF (open reduction internal fixation) means resetting a broken bone.
*sedate patient, pull into place (refers to simple procedure?)
*incision, expose bone, hold with clamps, hardware, replace periosteum (more complex?)
*subcutaneous layer thinner in antebrachial region than in abdominal area (fat distribution)
*adipose tissue of subcutaneous layer doesn't hold sutures very well
*would muscles of the antebrachium serve as a natural splint in this scenario?
(does that even matter?)

Test #2 - Epiphyseal fracture for 8-year-old

Epiphyseal fracture for an eight-year-old:

*Damage to epiphyseal plate could prevent growth
*Growth not generally complete by age 8
*If only one side is affected, growth could be assymmetrical - causing problems with hips, balance and alignment

Test #1 - Anatomical directions

For a basic review on anatomical directions, I suggest that you look through the pictures in the textbook. If you are already familiar, I liked the written review on Wikipedia.

Test #1 - Darwin (Evolution)

(Review of key concepts from class in preparation for final)

This is the study guide summary. Also know E.O. Wilson's definition of biodiversity (a change in gene frequencies within populations from generation to generation) along with the definition for 'gene frequency' (gene frequency measures the frequency in the population of a particular gene relative to other genes) and 'population.' (a group of interbreeding organisms)

Video review - foramen of the skull

Video review - female reproductive